Sejarah ringkas perkembangan motosikal

Since 1885, when Daimler of Germany invented and manufactured the world's first motorcycle powered by a gasoline engine, the development of motorcycles has undergone vicissitudes for more than 100 years.

The original motorcycle, existing in the real shape of the Munich Science and Technology Museum, Germany, is the world's first motorcycle patented by the German Daimler on August 29, 1885.

Limited to more than 100 years ago, the gasoline engine at that time was still in a low-level and naive state. At that time, the vehicle manufacturing was still in the stage of carriage technology. The original motorcycle and the modern motorcycle were very different in appearance, structure and performance. The frame of the original motorcycle was wooden. Judging from the wood grain, it is made by carpenters. The wheels are also made of wood. The outer layer of the wheels is covered with a layer of iron. There are several square wooden frames at the bottom and middle of the frame, on which are placed the engines. Small supporting wheel, its function is to prevent tipping when stationary. So the car actually hits the ground on all fours. The single-cylinder fan-cooled engine drives the rear wheels forward through a two-stage deceleration transmission through belts and gears. The saddle is shaped like a saddle and covered with a layer of leather. Its engine cylinder has a working volume of 264mL and a maximum power of 0.37kW (700r/min), which is only 1/5 of that of a modern simple motorcycle. 12km/h, not much faster than walking. Since there were no buffer devices such as springs at that time, this car was called a "bone shock car". As you can imagine, driving on the stone streets of the 19th century is more uncomfortable than execution. Although the original motorcycle is so simple, since then, the motorcycle has been continuously changed and improved, and there have been hundreds of millions of modern motorcycle descendants for more than 100 years.

Pelengkap motosikal Jerman ialah motosikal Amerika, yang mana Harley-Syarikat Davidson dikenali di seluruh dunia. Pada tahun 1903, model pasaran No. 1 yang dihasilkan oleh Syarikat Harry Amerika (motosikal komersil terawal di Amerika Syarikat), isipadu kerja silinder enjin kereta ialah 409mL, kuasa 2.94kW, dan rangka basikal diguna pakai. Motosikal merupakan produk zaman dan model yang mencerminkan tahap sains dan teknologi pada masa itu, iaitu motosikal pada peringkat yang berbeza mempunyai kesan perkembangan sains dan teknologi pada zaman yang berbeza. Motosikal asal tidak boleh digunakan kerana sains dan teknologi pada masa itu tidak dapat memenuhi bahagian paling asas yang diperlukan untuk pemanduan biasa, jadi ia hanya boleh diletakkan di makmal. Dari tahun 1890-an hingga awal abad ke-20, motosikal awal menerima pakai ciptaan baru dan teknologi baru pada masa itu, seperti tayar getah pneumatik, galas bebola, cengkaman dan transmisi, penyerap hentak suspensi hadapan, tempat duduk spring, dll. Kereta itu bermula mempunyai nilai praktikal, jisim-dihasilkan di kilang, dan menjadi komoditi. Ini ialah motosikal generasi-kedua, yang dipanggil motosikal generasi komoditi. Contohnya, pada tahun 1912, motosikal-8A satu-silinder tunggal yang dihasilkan oleh Harley-Syarikat Davidson Amerika. Pada masa itu, sistem penghantaran dan penghantaran belum diselesaikan, tetapi takal besar yang dipasang pada roda belakang didorong oleh tali pinggang, dan brek dibrek dengan menarik kasut brek belakang melalui pemegang. Pada masa itu, masalah hentakan belakang tidak dapat diselesaikan, dan hentakan hadapan mempunyai penyerap hentak jenis cincin ringkas yang dipasang pada garpu hadapan.

Selepas tahun 1930-an, dengan kemajuan berterusan sains dan teknologi, pengeluaran motosikal telah menggunakan sistem penyerap hentak suspensi belakang, sistem pencucuhan mekanikal, peranti brek mekanikal dram, pacuan rantai, dll., menjadikan motosikal naik ke tahap yang baharu. Langkah, motosikal secara beransur-ansur matang, digunakan secara meluas dalam pengangkutan, persaingan dan ketenteraan. Ini ialah peringkat ketiga motosikal - peringkat kematangan. Pada tahun 1936, Syarikat Harley Amerika telah dapat mengeluarkan-motosikal peringkat tinggi. Kereta itu menggunakan enjin berkembar 1000mL, OHV, 27.93kW V-dengan kelajuan tertinggi 150km/j.

Perkembangan motosikal ibarat satu langkah, semakin tinggi perkembangannya, semakin maju. Motosikal asal tahun 1885 diletakkan di atas tanah di tingkat satu, dan tingkat dua ialah motosikal pertama yang dihasilkan di dunia, iaitu basikal motosikal dengan enjin-empat silinder berkembar- di Jerman pada tahun 1894, dan sejumlah 1000 telah dihasilkan. Peringkat ketiga ialah motosikal lumba yang popular pada tahun 1930-an, apabila motosikal itu sudah mempunyai fungsi praktikal. Peringkat keempat ialah motosikal mewah moden selepas tahun 1970-an. Rajah bukan sahaja menunjukkan empat peringkat pembangunan motosikal, tetapi juga mengkonfigurasi pakaian berbeza pemandu kenderaan dalam empat peringkat.

Since the 1970s, motorcycle production has adopted electronic ignition technology, electric start, disc brakes, streamlined body guards, etc., as well as exhaust gas purification technology and ABS anti-lock braking devices in the 1990s, making motorcycles. It has become an advanced motor vehicle with beautiful appearance, superior performance, convenient use, flexibility and speed, and has become one of the important symbols of contemporary earth civilization. In particular, the large-displacement luxury motorcycles have transplanted the advanced technology of today's automobiles to the motorcycles, making the motorcycles reach the state of perfection. The development of motorcycles has entered the fourth stage - the heyday.